水泥粉喷桩在软基中的应用

简要阐述了水泥粉喷桩设计要求、施工工艺、效果检测,对地基承载力的影响,具有广阔的应用前景。     

某防渗帷幕高压旋喷桩试桩分析与探讨

在温州某垃圾填埋场水文地质与工程地质条件的基础上,对于有地下水渗流的砂层中,高压旋喷注浆单管法与三重管法试桩进行了对比试验与分析,高压旋喷注浆成桩效果及影响因素进行了探讨,供同类工程设计与施工提供参考.     

SWDC数码航摄区域网控制点布设的精度试验

介绍了SWDC数码航摄影像的技术基础和其应用于航空摄影测量的优越性,鉴于SWDC像幅的特殊性,在保证量测精度的前提下,为减少外业作业的工作量,通过以不同基线的区域网像片控制点布设方案的精度试验,证明了控制点按照8条基线布设可满足内业生产及大比例尺地形图的需要。     

岭澳核电三期强风化角岩边坡岩体直剪试验研究

采用堆载法进行天然状态与饱和状态下强风化角岩边坡岩体的现场直接剪切试验,获得不同正应力水平下剪切应力-剪切变形关系曲线和剪切强度参数,对其剪切应力-剪切变形关系曲线特征和不同正应力作用下剪应力随正应力的变化规律以及水-力耦合作用对剪切强度与变形特性影响进行了分析。试验结果表明：岩体峰值剪切强度和屈服剪切强度均随正应力的增大而增大;天然状态和饱水状态下剪应力随不同正应力的变化趋势基本相同;岩体剪切强度随含水率的增大而减小,在低法向应力下尤其敏感;水对岩体强度参数中黏聚力c的弱化作用更加明显,同时加大了岩体变形量,延长了岩体变形过程;通过现场直剪试验测得的法向变形可以估算岩体的压缩模量,为边坡稳定性分析提供参数。     

黄土高边坡稳定性影响因素分析 ——以宝鸡峡引水工程为例

黄土高边坡稳定性受多种因素影响,对高边坡稳定性影响因素进行敏感性分析非常必要。通过建立合理的计算模型,采用灰色关联度法,对影响宝鸡峡引水工程黄土高边坡稳定性的主要因素进行了分析。结果表明,土体的内摩擦角和黏聚力对其稳定性影响最大;采用正交实验分析可知,除土体的内摩擦角、黏聚力和坡高外,地震作用对黄土高边坡稳定性的影响也较大。以上分析表明,抗剪强度指标是影响黄土高边坡稳定的主要敏感性因素,提出了在黄土高边坡稳定性分析时应尽量使抗剪强度指标的选取准确、合理,同时也应考虑边坡高度和地震的影响,进而为黄土高边坡类的工程设计和运行管理提供重要参考。     

基于CRU资料的山西百年气温时空演变特征

全球变暖的背景下,百年尺度上的区域气温变化规律,近年来已成为气候变化研究的热点。本文基于1901-2016年英国东英吉利(East Anglia)大学气候研究中心(Climatic Research Unit,CRU)提供的高分辨率、逐月气温数据集,采用一元线性回归法、滑动平均法和Mann-Kendall突变检验法分析了116年来山西气温的时空分布特征。结果表明:百年来山西年平均气温和各季节气温均呈波动上升趋势,年均和各季节气温倾向率分别为0.13℃·(10a)-1(年平均)、0.16℃·(10a)-1(春季)、0.05℃·(10a)-1(夏季)、0.09℃·(10a)-1(秋季)、0.22℃·(10a)-1(冬季),其中冬季气温增幅最大,对年均温增长的贡献最大,贡献率为42.31%,夏季气温增幅最小,贡献率也最小(9.62%)。研究时段内,山西各季节气温均发生突变,春季季均温突变开始于1993年,夏季在1917年和1996年都发生了气温突变,秋季、冬季出现突变的年份分别为2001年、1984年。空间上,山西多年平均气温和季均温均以南高北低的纬度变化规律为主,同时受到地形的影响,分别形成不同气温中心,其中冬季受地形影响最小,尤其是最冷月。     

基于序列参数的水库地震类型综合判定研究

收集整理了我国大陆东部地区44 组水库地震序列,其中震群型32 组,主余型和孤立型12 组。分别计算了44 组序列的h 值、b 值、归一化熵值K、能量均匀度U、地震发生方式参数ρ 等5 个序列参数。在95% 的置信水平下,对每一参数分震群型、主余型加孤立型两大类进行差异性检验。结果表明,h、U、ρ 值对水库地震序列类型的分类能力不强;b 值平均值虽存在一定差异,但数值分布范围有部分重叠;K 值差异性显著,K = 0. 35 可作为区分震群型与主余型加孤立型两类水库地震序列的判别指标。在此基础上,建立以上述5 个参数为自变量的Fisher 判别函数,用于序列类型的综合判定。结果显示,所有数据全部参与建立判别函数并进行回溯性内符判别检验,识别正确率为97. 6% ;利用32 组序列参数参与判别函数建立,另外10 组进行外推检验,识别正确率为100% ,表明上述综合判别方法具有较高的水库地震序列分类能力。     

Research on wind-induced responses of a large-scale membrane structure

The wind-induced responses of a large-scale membrane structure, Expo Boulevard, are evaluated in this study. To obtain the wind pressure distribution on the roof surface, a wind tunnel test is performed. A brief analysis of wind pressure on the membrane roof is conducted first and then an analysis of the wind-induced responses of the structure is carried out using a numerical integral method in the time domain. In the process of calculation, the geometrical nonlinearity is taken into account. Results indicate that mean, RSM and peak values of the structure responses increase nonlinearly while the approaching flow velocity increases. Strong nonlinear characteristics are observed in the displacement responses, whereas the responses of nodal stress and cable axial force show minimal nonlinear properties when the membrane structure is subjected to wind loads. Different values of the damping ratio only have a minimal impact on the RSM response of the structure because the background component is a dominant part of the total dynamic response and the resonant component is too small. As the damping ratio increases from 0.02 to 0.05, the RMS responses of vertical displacement, nodal stress and cable axial force decrease by 8.1%, 6.7% and 17.9%, respectively. Since the mean component plays a significant role in the wind-induced response, the values of the gust response factor are not high for Expo Boulevard.     

Hydro-climatic trends in the Abay/Upper Blue Nile basin,Ethiopia

Trends of the three hydro-meteorological variables precipitation, temperature and stream flow, represented by 13, 12, and 9 gauging stations, respectively, within the Abay/Upper Blue Nile basin have been studied to support water management in the region. The Trends were evaluated over different time periods depending on data availability at the stations. The statistical Mann–Kendall and Pettitt tests have been used to assess trends and change points respectively. The tests have been applied to mean annual, monthly, seasonal, 1- and 7-days annual minimum and maximum values for streamflow, while mean annual, monthly and seasonal timescales were applied to meteorological variables. The results are heterogeneous and depict statistically significant increasing/decreasing trends. Besides, it showed significant abrupt change of point upward/downward shift for streamflow and temperature time series. However, precipitation time series did not show any statistically significant trends in mean annual and seasonal scales across the examined stations.Increasing trends in temperature at different weather stations for the mean annual, rainy, dry and small rainy seasons are apparent. The mean temperature at Bahir Dar – typical station in the Lake Tana sub basin, has been increasing at the rate of about 0.5 °C/decade, 0.3 °C/decade in rainy season (June–September), 0.6 °C/decade in small rainy season (March–May), and 0.6 °C/decade in dry season (October–February). Other stations in the Abay/Upper Blue Nile show comparable results. Overall it is found that trends and change point times varied considerably across the stations and catchment to catchment. Identified significant trends can help to make better planning decisions for water management. However, the cause attributes to the observed changes in hydro-meteorological variables need further research. In particular the combined effects of land use/land cover change and climate variability on streamflow of Abay/Blue Nile basin and its tributaries needs to be understood better.     

Verification and validation of a seismic response analysis code for framed structures using the ASI‐Gauss technique

In this report, the capabilities of the adaptively shifted integration (ASI)‐Gauss code in the analysis of the seismic responses of framed structures are verified and validated by comparing the results with detailed numerical simulations performed by the parallel finite element analysis code, E‐Simulator, and with experimental results obtained by E‐Defense. The numerical results obtained by both codes showed good agreement with the experimental results obtained by E‐Defense. Furthermore, seismic waves with unnaturally large magnitudes are applied to a high‐rise building model to demonstrate the ability of the ASI‐Gauss code to analyze the collapse behaviors of building frames. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.